Chile Air Quality

Chile's long, thin geography spans desert, Mediterranean, and Patagonian climates. Santiago bears the country's worst air quality — the Central Valley traps winter wood smoke and vehicle exhaust under mountain inversions.

76AQI
Moderate
Santiago annual average 2024
PM2.5: 16.4 μg/m³

Santiago: The Air Quality Capital

Santiago concentrates over 40% of Chile's 19 million population in the Central Valley. The Andes (east) and Coastal Range (west) form a funnel that traps winter pollution under temperature inversions for 40–50 days per year.

Wood burning — used by low-income households for heating — contributes ~40% of winter PM2.5. The government has implemented stove replacement subsidies and seasonal burning restrictions to address this.

Environmental Policy

  • Preemergencias y Emergencias system (PM2.5 triggered restrictions)
  • Recambio de calefactor (wood stove subsidized replacement)
  • Metro expansion to 7 lines (116 stations)
  • Catalytic converter requirements (1994)
  • Electric bus fleet rollout (now 1,000+ e-buses, largest outside China)
  • Natural gas incentives for residential heating